Bleeding gums don't sound like a heart problem. But the research linking the two has been growing for more than thirty years.
What the research shows
Studies consistently find that people with gum disease (periodontitis) are more likely to have cardiovascular disease, including heart attacks and strokes. The link holds up in many studies even after allowing for shared risk factors.
What it doesn't show
Association isn't causation. Gum disease and heart disease share risk factors, including smoking, diabetes and age, and it's hard to separate them completely. Studies using genetic methods (Mendelian randomisation) have so far not confirmed that gum disease directly causes heart disease. And there's no good evidence yet that treating gums prevents heart attacks or strokes.
Why researchers are interested
Two ideas are being investigated:
-Bacteria in the bloodstream. Bleeding gums give mouth bacteria a way into the blood. Bacterial DNA from the mouth has been found in some samples of arterial plaque.
-Inflammation. Gum disease is a long-running inflammatory condition, and inflammation plays a role in heart disease.
A link worth knowing: mouthwash and blood pressure
Some friendly mouth bacteria help turn nitrate from vegetables into nitric oxide, which helps blood vessels relax. Small studies have found that strong antiseptic mouthwash can reduce this process and, in some, nudge blood pressure up. It's early research, but it's one reason I'm cautious about daily antiseptic mouthwash. The oral microbiome.
What this means for you
Healthy gums are worth having for their own sake, and they may matter more widely too. Clean between your teeth daily, don't ignore bleeding, and tell your dentist about any heart condition and the medicines you take.
Where to next
Back to the mouth–body connection ·The book
Want your gums checked properly? My Signature 18-Point Biological & Wellness Discovery is £169, x-rays included. Message us on WhatsApp or call 020 7099 6651.
General information only, not medical advice. Please speak to your GP about your general health, and don't stop or change any treatment because of anything you read here.
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